Epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide, yet up to 90% of those in need of treatment don’t receive it, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The condition is particularly underdiagnosed and undertreated in low-income regions like sub-Saharan Africa, where limited access to specialists, medication and awareness creates a significant health challenge.
Professor Dali Magazi, a member of the Neurological Association of South Africa, emphasises the urgency of addressing epilepsy during Epilepsy Week (ending 16 February). “By improving awareness and accessibility to treatment, we can significantly enhance the quality of life for those affected,” he says.
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How Epilepsy Impacts Your Fitness and Lifestyle
For men living with epilepsy, navigating fitness and daily routines can be challenging, but not impossible. Understanding the triggers and adopting the right strategies can help maintain an active lifestyle.
Can You Exercise with Epilepsy?
Yes! Regular exercise can benefit people with epilepsy by reducing stress, improving mood, and promoting better sleep—factors that help manage seizure risk. However, precautions are necessary:
- Hydration and Nutrition: Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances can trigger seizures.
- Avoid Overexertion: High-intensity workouts that cause excessive fatigue might increase seizure risk.
- Supervised Training: If you’re prone to seizures, working out with a trainer or friend can add an extra layer of safety.
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Sports to Approach with Caution
Certain high-risk activities may not be advisable for those with uncontrolled epilepsy, including:
- Swimming alone
- Contact sports like rugby (due to head trauma risk)
- Rock climbing or solo endurance sports
Understanding Epilepsy: More Than Just Seizures
Prof. Magazi explains that epilepsy is not a one-size-fits-all condition. “There are different types, triggers, and responses to treatment, which is why we now talk about ‘epilepsies’ rather than just epilepsy.”
Types of Seizures
- Motor seizures: Muscle jerks, stiffness, or sudden loss of muscle control.
- Sensory seizures: Loss of sensation or unusual tingling.
- Psychic seizures: Confusion or changes in perception.
- Autonomic seizures: Sudden stomach discomfort or heart palpitations.
The Social Stigma: Breaking Misconceptions
Beyond medical concerns, epilepsy carries significant social challenges, including workplace discrimination, stigma, and relationship struggles.
“The stigma can be as damaging as the seizures themselves,” says Prof. Magazi. “In many communities, epilepsy is still misunderstood, leading to isolation and exclusion from job opportunities, education, and even social circles.”
Public awareness and education can help debunk myths, ensuring that people with epilepsy are supported rather than marginalized.
The Importance of Medication and Treatment
One of the biggest challenges in treatment is medication adherence. “Stopping or irregularly taking epilepsy medication significantly increases the risk of prolonged seizures that require emergency medical intervention,” warns Prof. Magazi.
If a patient continues to experience seizures despite taking two appropriately chosen medications, their condition is classified as refractory epilepsy. In such cases, alternative interventions like ketogenic diets (for children), nerve stimulation, or even surgery may be considered.
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Success Stories: Thriving Despite Epilepsy
Epilepsy doesn’t have to hold you back. Many athletes and professionals have achieved greatness despite their diagnosis. Take world cycling champion Marion Clignet, for example. Diagnosed with epilepsy at 22, she went on to win five gold medals, proving that the condition doesn’t define your potential.
How to Support Someone with Epilepsy
Here’s how you can help:
- Be informed: Learn about their specific triggers and seizure management plan.
- Stay calm: If they have a seizure, protect their head, turn them on their side, and avoid putting anything in their mouth.
- Encourage open conversations: Reducing stigma starts with awareness.
